Pathologists are understandably concerned about failing to diagnose a malignant neoplasm

INTRODUCTION Pathologists are understandably concerned about failing to diagnose a malignant neoplasm. It is arguably as important, however, for them to recognize benign but deceptive lesions that mimic cancers. Overinterpretation of such pseudomalignant lesions may lead to unnecessary, radical surgery with attendant functional disability and even potential mortality. In this lecture we will explore some of the lesions of the prostate that are commonly confused with cancers. Time constraints prevent further exploration of these interesting and important lesions at other sites of the male genitourinary tract, however, there are a number of excellent reviews for those who wish to investigate this topic in greater depth and at additional genitourinary tract locations. 1-11